🧠 Encapsulation in Python (OOP)

📌 What is Encapsulation?

Encapsulation is one of the four fundamental principles of Object-Oriented Programming (OOP), alongside:

• Abstraction
• Inheritance
• Polymorphism

Definition:

Encapsulation is the bundling of data (variables) and methods (functions) that operate on the data into a single unit, i.e., a class. It also refers to restricting direct access to some of the object's components.

🧯 Why Use Encapsulation?

Encapsulation helps in:

• ✅ Protecting data from accidental or unauthorized changes
• ✅ Hiding the internal implementation details of a class
• ✅ Providing controlled access to the data
• ✅ Improving modularity and maintainability of code
• ✅ Making the class easier to debug and use

🔐 Access Modifiers in Python